Without having a blanket "if it hits your hand/arm under any circumstance it's a foul" rule, there's always going to be an element of subjectivity from the officials. As has been pointed out, the handball rule has been overly convoluted to try and eliminate grey areas, but it's made it worse.
I think the rules need to be stripped back and the officials trusted (I know, I know...) to use their common sense - we all know what an unnatural arm position is and if a ball is blasted from point blank range, there's nothing any player can do to get out of the way.
Plus, if we have to keep using VAR, I would introduce more specific rulings for the VAR check itself. Watch as many replays as you want from any angle you can think of, but they all have to be at real time speed. Using ultra slow-mo and still frames to determine if the ball has brushed an elbow is daft. Re-watching any incident at real speed gives a much better impression of the situation.