It's professional sport. Rugby, US Sports, Athletics all see people penalised for performance enhancing drugs.
Aside from the 1999-2001 Italian Nandralome situation, you've had a couple like Toure mistakingly doing it, or Ferdinand missing a test... but nothing significant, in arguably the most popular sport in the World and you know why, you can't damage the brand. When Liverpool and Man City went neck and neck a couple years ago, not one player from either side got injured for 5 months at full intensity.
The Premier League is guilty of far too many things, but they will never ever let another Man Utd monopoly happen again. It benefits them to have United in the title race as along with Liverpool they have the biggest global audience.
Runs a bit deeper than that in terms of token fines rather than bans. For example 4 teams have been fined token amounts of money over the last 10 years for missing drugs tests as a squad (ie: not where they are supposed to be) and the most recent fine for this was a PL team who were find £35000 - how can that be a disincentive for a club to managing their doping policy with the rigour needed for a doping policy to actually be implemented. Interesting titbit from this is of the most recent 4 top flight (across Europe) fines for teams missing doping test, three were managed by the same fella - coincidence? Probably but statistically highly unlikely.
Then you move on to the Fuentes case in Spain - ithere was a huge doping ring in spain smashed by authorities and in court witnesses took down Dr's, athletes, Cyclists etc; but really interestingly despite multiple references to institutional football doping, there didn't seem to be an appetite in spain to look under that hood. This was at the time Barca were at their peak, Spain were winning major tournaments and Real were winning CLs - simply there wasn't the desire to take them down despite evidence being offered, WADA have continually question why the Spanish legal system roadblocked the investigation, one suspects the answer is football.
To link the two above points, I mentioned that one manager was in charge of 3 of the major fines for missing tests, he was also in charge of primary spanish teams at the time of these cases and incredibly, while managing today, still uses the same Dr who were overseeing doping programs of athletes according Fuentes case & also tested positive for Nandrolone twice as a player.
My point in all of this is the evidence is probably in front of us, but football simply has too much money involved to fail, so it as an industry will continue to push barriers as far as it can, know there are token fines and protection there to help from governing bodies and states.